On covering numbers of sublevel sets of analytic functions (Q2654448)

The covering number \(\text{Cov}(S;t)\) of a relatively compact subset \(S\) of a metric space \(M\) is defined by \[ \text{Cov}(S;t):=\inf\left[\text{card}\left\{\{m_i\}\subset S;\;S\subset\bigcup_i B_t(m_i)\right\}\right], \] where \(B_r(m)\subset M\) is an open ball of radius \(r\) with center \(m\). The main result of this paper estimates covering numbers of sublevel sets of families of analytic functions depending analytically on a parameter. Specifically, let \(F\in\mathcal O(U\times V)\), where \(U=\mathbb C^m\), with \(m=s(\binom {n+k}n +n)\) and \(V=\mathbb C^n\), be such that each \(F(u,\cdot)\) is an exponential polynomial of the form \(f(z)=\sum_{i=1}^sp_i(z)e^{l_i(z)}\), where the \(p_i\) are holomorphic polynomials on \(\mathbb C^n\) of degree \(\leq k\) and \(l_i\in(\mathbb C^n)^*\), and \(u\) is the vector consisting of coefficients of all polynomials \(p_i\) and \(l_i\). Let \(X_U:=(-1,1)^{2m}\subset \mathbb R^{2m}\cong\mathbb C^m\) and \(\tilde{X}_V:=B_1(0)\), the Euclidean open ball in \(\mathbb C^n\) centered at 0 of radius 1. Fix a relatively compact subdomain \(X_V\) of \(\tilde{X}_V\) and for \(u\in X_U\), set \[ L(c):=L_{F(u,\cdot)}(c)=\{z\in X_V;\;|F(u,z)|<c\} \] The author considers two cases: (a) \(X_V\) being a relatively compact open subset of \(\tilde{X}_V\); (b) \(X_V\) being a relatively compact open subset of \(\tilde{X}_V\cap\mathbb R^n\) and shows that (in both cases) there exists a positive constant \(C\) such that for each \(0<\epsilon\leq 1\) and \(0<t\leq\epsilon\), \[ \text{Cov}(L(c);t)\leq C\cdot\epsilon^{2^s}\cdot t^{-2^sn} \] with \(c:=\sup_{z\in X_V}|F(u,z)|\cdot \epsilon^{d}\), where \(d=\max\{1;k\}\) and \(s=1\) in case (a), and \(d=k\) and \(s=0\) in case (b). Moreover, the above inequality is sharp in order. As a corollary, estimates of volumes of sublevel sets \(L(c)\) are given as well as Remez type inequalities for functions from the family \(F\).