On the critical values of \(L\)-functions of tensor product of base change for Hilbert modular forms (Q2654725)

This paper is about non-algebraic part of critical values of automorphic \(L\)-functions. In particular, for totally real number fields \(F_1,F_2\), the author calculated the critical values modulo \(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}^\times\) of \(L\)-functions of \(\ell\)-adic Galois representations associated to the tensor products of an automorphic representation on \(\text{GL}(2)/F_1\) and on \(\text{GL}(2)/F_2\) (Theorem 1.1) as a generalization of Yoshida's result. More generally, he showed, under the conjecture of [\textit{D. Blasius}, ``Appendix to Orloff. Critical values of certain tensor product L-functions'', Invent. Math. 90, 181--188 (1987; Zbl 0625.10022)], a similar result for \(r\) totally real number fields (Theorem 1.2). More precisely, Theorem 1.1 is as follows. Let \(F_1,F_2\) be totally real number fields, \(J_F:=\{ F\hookrightarrow \mathbb{R} \}\) for a totally real number field \(F\). For \(i=1,2\), let \(\Pi_i\) be a non-CM cuspidal automorphic representation of \(\text{GL}(2)/F_i\) of weight \(\{k_i(\tau)\}_{\tau\in J_{F_i}}\), where all \(k_i(\tau)\) have the same parity and \(k_i(\tau)\geq 2\). Let \(F'\) be a totally real number field containing \(F_1\) and \(F_2\). For subsets \(\delta_1, \delta_2\) of \(J_{F'}\) such that \(\delta_1\cup\delta_2 = J_{F'}\) and \(\delta_1\cap\delta_2 = \emptyset\), we assume \[ \begin{aligned} k_1(\tau|_{F_1})&\geq 3, \;k_2(\tau|_{F_2})\geq 2, \;k_1(\tau|_{F_1}) > k_2(\tau|_{F_2}) \;\mathrm{if} \;\tau\in\delta_1, \\ k_1(\tau|_{F_1})&\geq 2, \;k_2(\tau|_{F_2})\geq 3, \;k_2(\tau|_{F_2}) > k_1(\tau|_{F_1}) \;\mathrm{if} \;\tau\in\delta_2.\end{aligned} \] Then for \(m\in \mathbb{Z}\) such that \[ m \equiv k_1(\tau|_{F_1}) + k_2(\tau|_{F_2}) \mod{2}, \atop \frac{k_{10} + k_{20}}{2} \leq \frac{m}{2}\leq \frac{k_{10} + k_{20} + |k_1(\tau|_{F_1}) - k_2(\tau|_{F_2})|}{2}-1 \] for every \(\tau\in J_{F'}\), he showed that for corresponding Galois representations \(\rho_{\Pi_i}\), \( L(m/2, \rho_{\Pi_1}|_{\Gamma_{F'}}\otimes \rho_{\Pi_2}|_{\Gamma_{F'}})\) is equal modulo \(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}^\times\) to \[ \pi^{[F':\mathbb{Q}](m + 2 - k_{10} -k_{20})} Q(\Pi_1,\delta_1|_{F_1})^{[F':F_1]}Q(\Pi_2, \delta_2|_{F_2})^{[F':F_2]}. \] Here \(k_{i0} = \max\{k_i(\tau) \mid \tau\in J_{F_i} \}\) for \(i=1,2\) and \(Q(\Pi, \delta)\) is \(Q\)-invariant defined in section \(2\) in this paper. In the case of \(F_1=F_2\), this result is Theorem 6.8 in [\textit{H. Yoshida}, ``On the zeta functions of Shimura varieties and periods of Hilbert modular forms'', Duke Math. J. 75, No. 1, 121--191 (1994; Zbl 0823.11018)], moreover when \(\delta_1=\emptyset\) or \(\delta_2=\emptyset\), this is Theorem 4.2 in [\textit{G. Shimura}, ``The special values of the zeta functions associated with Hilbert modular forms'', Duke Math. J. 45, 637--679 (1978; Zbl 0394.10015)]. Theorem 1.2 is a similar result to Theorem 1.1 for more totally real number fields, replacing \(Q\)-invariants to the self-inner products of corresponding Hilbert modular forms, with the assumption of the Blasius conjecture. Theorem 1.1 (resp. Theorem 1.2) is proved by reducing to Yoshida's thoerem (resp. Blasius' conjecture) using the modularity result by \textit{M. Harris}, \textit{N. Shepherd-Barron} and \textit{R. Taylor} [``A family of Calabi-Yau varieties and potential automorphy'', Ann. Math. (2) 171, No. 2, 779--813 (2010; Zbl 1263.11061)], Brauer's theorem on induced representations, and the modularity result of [\textit{R. P. Langlands}, Base change for \(\text{GL}(2)\). Annals of Mathematics Studies, 96. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press (1980; Zbl 0444.22007)] on base change for solvable extensions.