Asymptotic stability of solitons for the Benjamin-Ono equation (Q2655933)

The authors considered the Benjamin-Ono equation of the form: \[ u_t+{\mathcal H}u_{xx}+uu_x=0\quad (t,x)\in{\mathbb R}+{\mathbb R}, \tag{1} \] where \({\mathcal H}\) denotes the Hilbert transform \[ {\mathcal H}u(x)={1\over\pi}\text{p.v.}\intop_{-\infty}^{+\infty}{u(y)\over y-x}dy= {1\over\pi}\lim_{\varepsilon\to 0}\intop_{|y-x|>\varepsilon}{u(y)\over y-x}dy \tag{2} \] with initial data \[ u(0)=u_0(x). \tag{3} \] The main results of thise paper is devoted to the proof of the asymptotic stability of the family of solutions of the problem (1)--(3) in the energy space. The proof of the main theorem is based on a Liouville property for solutions close to the solitons for this equation. As a corollary of the proofs of the theorems, the authors obtain stability and asymptotic stability of exact multi-solitons.