Construction of hyperbolic Riemann surfaces with large systoles (Q265630)

The paper studies systoles of compact Riemann surfaces with boundary. Given such a surface \(S\) of genus \(g \geq 2\), a systole of \(S\) is a shortest simple closed geodesic. Its length is denoted by sys\((S)\), whilst \(\mathrm{msys}(g)\) is the supremum (in fact the maximum) of \(\mathrm{sys}(S)\) for all surfaces \(S\) of genus \(g\). The value of \(\mathrm{msys}(g)\) is unknown for \(g > 2\), but there are lower and upper bounds for it, namely \[ C \log(g) \leq \mathrm{msys}(g) \leq 2 \log(4g-2) \] for a certain unknown constant \(C\). The surfaces of genus \(g\) whose systole length is maximum in the moduli space \(\mathcal{M}_g\) are called maximal surfaces. The main goal of the paper is to construct surfaces with large systoles from maximal surfaces using cutting and pasting techniques. This result provides information relating \(\mathrm{msys}(g)\) for different values of \(g\). Then, a similar work is made for non-compact surfaces of genus \(g\) with \(n\) cusps.