Modus tollens with respect to uninorms: \(U\)-modus tollens (Q2658017)

Modus ponens and modus tollens are two basic deduction methods in the standard logics and thus in almost any generalized logics we can find approaches generalizing modus ponens and modus tollens. Recall that in fuzzy logics, conjuctors were usually modelled by means of triangular norms. Some 15 years ago, Dow Gabbay abd George Metcalfe have proposed and studied fuzzy logics equipped by uninorms as the related conjunctions, and this generalization can be seen as a background of this paper. The authors here propose and study modus tollens related to uninorms, in short, \(U\)-modus tollens. Concerning the implication considered here, the authors have chosen mostly residual operations derived from uninorms i.e., \(RU\)-implications, which are fuzzy implications for each conjunctive (and for some disjunctive) uninorms. As a general definition given by authors, we say that a fuzzy implication function \(I\), a uninorm \(U\) and a fuzzy negation \(N\) satisfy the \(U\)-modus tollens property with respect to \(U\) when \(U(N(y)\), \(I(x, y)) \leq N(x)\) for all \(x, y\in [ 0, 1]\). They have also shown that in such a case, \(U\) is necessarily conjunctive, i.e., \(U(0,1) = 0\). Many other results have been shown for general conjunctive uninorms (in relation to \(U\)-modus tollens), and, in a more exhaustive way, for some particular classes of conjunctive uninorms. This paper can be seen as a challenge for a deep study of modus tollens based on uninorms from the other particular classes and based on the other types of fuzzy negations, but also for the study of modus ponens based on uninorms.