Weighted estimates for maximal functions associated to skeletons (Q2658984)

In the paper under review the authors study the quantitative weighted estimates for the \(L^p (w)\) norm of the following maximal operator associated to cube skeletons in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), which was introduced in [\textit{A. Olivo} and \textit{P. Shmerkin}, ``Maximal operators for cube skeletons'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1807.05280}]: Let \(S_{k,\delta}(x, r ),~j = 1, \dots, \binom{n}{k} 2^{n-k}\), \(\delta>0,~0\leq k<n\) be a \(\delta\)-neighborhood of each one of the \(k\)-faces of the \(k\)-skeleton centered at \(x\) with radius \(r\). For a locally integrable function \(f\), the \(k\)-skeleton maximal function is defined by \[ M_{\delta}^kf(x)=\sup_{1\leq r \leq 2} \min_{j=1}^N\frac{1}{|S_{k,\delta}(x, r )|}\int_{S_{k,\delta}(x, r )}|f(y)| \, dy. \] In this paper, authors introduce the skeleton \(\mathcal{A}_p^S\) class which is the replacement of the \(A_p\) condition associated with the Hardy-Littlewood maximal function. The main results of this paper are the following (see Theorem 1.5 and 1.13): (1) (Necessary condition for the boundedness of \(M^1_{\delta}\).) Let \(w\) be a weight in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) and suppose that the maximal operator \(M^1_{\delta}\), for some fixed \(\delta\) is bounded on \(L^p (w)\) for \(1 < p < \infty\). Then the weight \(w\) belongs to \(A^S_p\). (2) (Sufficient condition for the skeleton maximal function.) Let \(w\in A^S_p\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) for \(p\) such that \(p^\prime\in \mathbb{N}\) or \(p=1\). For any fixed \(\delta>0\), \[ \|M^1_{\delta}\|_{L^p(w)} \leq C \delta^{5/4p}[w]^{1/p}_{A^S_p} \|f\|_{L^p(w)}. \] The second result provides a precise quantitative dependence on \(A^S_p\) constant. The method of the proof uses a combinatorial argument [loc. cit.] by introducing a discretization and linearization of the maximal operator. This allows to obtain \(L^p\) bounds for the maximal operator from an estimate related to intersections between skeletons and 1-planes. Finally, many of the conclusions are extended to higher dimension.