On the distribution of the order and index for the reductions of algebraic numbers (Q2660313)

To start with, the proofs of the theorems are long and so not suitable for explaining here in a short survey. The same holds for the display of the contents/statements of the theorems. In order to get an impression what it is all about, we provide the introduction of the article, as follows. Introduction: ``Consider a number field \(K\) and finitely many algebraic numbers \(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_r\in K^\times\) which generate a multiplicative subgroup of \(K^\times\) of positive rank \(r\). Let \(\mathfrak{p}\) be a prime of \(K\) such that for each \(i\) the reduction of \(\alpha_i\) modulo \(\mathfrak{p}\) is a well-defined element of \(k^\times_{\mathfrak{p}}\) (where \(k_{\mathfrak{p}}\) is the residue field at \(\mathfrak{p}\)). We study the set of primes such that for each \(i\) the multiplicative order of \((\alpha_i\bmod\mathfrak{p})\) lies in a given arithmetic progression. More precisely, write \(\text{ord}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)\) for the order of \((\alpha_1\bmod\mathfrak{p})\). We will prove under GRH the existence of the density of primes \(\mathfrak{p}\) satisfying \(\text{ord}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)\equiv a_i\bmod d_i\) for each \(i\), where \(a_i\), \(d_i\) are some fixed integers. In Theorem 1 we give an asymptotic formula for the number of such primes. We also study the density of primes satisfying conditions on the index. Write \(\text{ind}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)\) for the index of the subgroup generated by \((\alpha_i\bmod\mathfrak{p})\) in \(k^\times_{\mathfrak{p}}\). Notice that \(\text{ind}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)= (N\mathfrak{p}- 1)/\text{ord}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)\). We prove the existence of the density of primes \(\mathfrak{p}\) such that \(\text{ind}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)= t_i\) for each \(i\), where the \(t_i\)'s are positive integers, and more generally such that \(\text{ind}_{\mathfrak{p}}(\alpha_i)\) lies in a given sequence of integers. Given a finite Galois extension \(K\), a condition on the conjugacy class of Frobenius automorphisms of the primes lying above \(\mathfrak{p}\) may also be introduced. These results are generalizations of Ziegler's work [\textit{V. Ziegler}, Unif. Distrib. Theory 1, No. 1, 65--85 (2006; Zbl 1147.11054)] from 2006, which concerns the case of rank 1. Moreover, in [\textit{A. Perucca} and \textit{P. Sgobba}, Int. J. Number Theory 15, No. 8, 1617--1633 (2019; Zbl 1451.11123)], the author and Perucca have generalized Ziegler's results to study the set of primes for which the order of the reduction of a finitely generated group of algebraic numbers lies in a given arithmetic progression, and in [\textit{A. Perucca} and \textit{P. Sgobba}, Unif. Distrib. Theory 15, No. 1, 75--92 (2020; Zbl 1475.11211)], they have investigated properties of the density of this set. Notice that problems of this kind have been studied in various papers by \textit{K. Chinen} and \textit{L. Murata} [Dev. Math. 15, 11--22 (2006; Zbl 1200.11076)], and by \textit{P. Moree} [J. Number Theory 120, No. 1, 132--160 (2006; Zbl 1203.11066)], and that they are related to Artin's Conjecture on primitive roots, see the survey [Integers 12, No. 6, 1305--1416, A13 (2012; Zbl 1271.11002)] by \textit{P. Moree}.''