Multiple splitting property for dominated bilinear operators (Q2660997)

Given a Banach space \(X\), \(0<p<\infty\) and \((x_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(X\), the author lets \(\ell_p((x_i)_{i=1}^n)\) denote \(\left(\sum_{i=1}^n\|x_i\|^p\right)^{ 1/p}\) and \(w_p((x_i)_{i=1}^n)\) denote \(\sup_{\|\phi\|\le 1}\left(\sum_{i=1}^n| \phi(x_i)|^p\right)^{1/p}\). When \(X\), \(Y\) and \(Z\) are Banach spaces and \(1\le p, r<\infty\), defining \(s\) by \(\frac{1}{s}=\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{r}\), the author says that a bilinear operator \(U\colon X\times Y\to Z\) is \((p,r)\)-dominated if there is \(C>0\) so that, given \((x_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(X\) and \((y_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(Y\), \[ \left(\sum_{i=1}^{n}\|U(x_i,y_i)\|^s\right)^{1/s}\le Cw_p((x_i)_{i=1}^n) w_r((y_i)_{i=1}^n). \] A bilinear operator \(U\colon X\times Y\to Z\) is said to be multiple \(p\)-summing if there is \(C>0\) so that, given \((x_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(X\) and \((y_j)_{j=1}^m\) in \(Y\), \[ \left(\sum_{i,j=1}^{n,m}\|U(x_i,y_j)\|^p\right)^{1/p}\le Cw_p((x_i)_{i=1}^n) w_p((y_j)_{j=1}^m). \] The main result of the paper is that if \(X\), \(Y\) and \(Z\) are Banach spaces, \(1\le p<q, r<\infty\) are such that \(\frac{1}{p}=\frac{1}{q}+\frac{1}{r}\) and \(U\colon X\times Y\to Z\) is \((p,r)\)-dominated or \((r,p)\)-dominated, then there is \(C>0\) such that for each \((x_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(X\) and \((y_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(Y\) there are \((\lambda_i)_{i=1}^n\) and \((\nu_i)_{i=1}^n\) in \(\mathbb{K}\) and \((z_{ij})_{i,j=1}^n\) in \(Z\) such that: \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] \(U(x_i,y_j)=\lambda_i\nu_jz_{ij}\) for \(1\le i\le n\) and \(1\le j\le n\), \item[(b)] \(\ell_r((\lambda_i)_{i=1}^n)\le 1\) and \(\ell_r((\nu_j)_{j=1}^n)\le 1\), \item[(c)] \(w_q((z_{ij})_{i,j=1}^n)\le Cw_p((x_i)_{i=1}^n)w_p((y_j)_{j=1}^n)\). \end{itemize} Moreover, it is shown that \(C\) can be chosen to be the \((p,r)\)-dominated (\((r,p)\)-dominated) norm of \(U\). Using this result, the author proves that if \(1\le p<q, r<\infty\) and \(\frac{1}{p}=\frac{1}{q}+\frac{1}{r}\), then the composition of a \((p,r)\)-dominated (\((r,p)\)-dominated) bilinear operator and a \(q\)-summing operator is multiple \(p\)-summing. A bilinear mapping \(U\colon X\times Y\to Z\) is said to be \(p\)-nuclear if there are sequences \((\phi_n)_n\) in \(X'\), \((\psi_n)_n\) in \(Y'\) and \((z_n)_n\) in \(Z\) with \(\ell_p((\phi_n)_n)<\infty\), \(\ell_p((\psi_n)_n)<\infty\) and \(w_{p^*}( (z_n)_n)<\infty\) (\(\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{p^*}=1\)) so that \[ U(x,y)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\phi_n(x)\psi_n(y)z_n \] for all \(x\) in \(X\) and \(y\) in \(Y\). The author shows that if \(1\le p, r<\infty\) are such that \(\frac{1}{p}=\frac{1}{q}+\frac{1}{r}\), \(A\) and \(B\) are \(r\)-nuclear operators and \(U\) is an \((r^*,q)\)-dominated bilinear operator, then \(U\circ(A,B)\) is a \(p\)-nuclear bilinear operator.