Hausdorff dimensions of certain sets in terms of the Sylvester series (Q2661196)

A brief survey is devoted to continued fraction expansions, to connections between the theory of continued fractions and some topics of mathematics, to certain sets defined in terms of continued fractions and Engel series. Sylvester series expansions of real numbers are recalled and some metric and dimensional results of Sylvester series are described. The present paper is devoted to certain sets defined in terms of Sylvester series. That is, \[ (0,1]\ni x=\sum^{\infty} _{n=1}{\frac{1}{d_n(x)}}, \] where \((d_n(x))\) is a sequence of digits, \(d_1(x)\ge 2\), and the condition \(d_{n+1}(x)\ge d_n(x)(d_n(x)-1)+1\) holds for all positive integers \(n\). In the present paper, the main attention is given to dimensional properties of the following sets: \[ E(\phi)=\left\{x\in (0,1]: \lim_{n\to\infty}{\frac{\log {d_n(x)}}{\phi(n)}}=1\right\}, \] \[ E^{*}(\phi)=\left\{x\in (0,1]: \lim_{n\to\infty}{\frac{\log {d_n(x)}}{\phi(n)}}=\infty\right\}, \] and \[ E_{*}(\phi)=\left\{x\in (0,1]: \lim_{n\to\infty}{\frac{\log {d_n(x)}}{\phi(n)}}=0\right\}. \] Here \(\phi\) is a positive function defined on the set of all positive integers. In addition, the Hausdorff dimension of the Jarník-like set is obtained.