Serre-Tate theory for Shimura varieties of Hodge type (Q2663077)

Let \(p>2\) be a prime number. Let \(G\) be an unramified connected reductive group over \(\mathbb{Q}_p\) and \(\mu\) a dominant cocharacter of \(G\) (with respect to the choice of some maximal torus \(T\) and a Borel subgroup \(B\supseteq T\)). This paper studies the space \(\mathrm{Def}_G(\mathcal{G})\) of \(G\)-adapted deformations of a \(\mu\)-ordinary \(p\)-divisible group with \(G\)-structure \(\mathcal{G}\) over \(\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p\), as defined in [\textit{M. Kisin}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 30, No. 3, 819--914 (2017; Zbl 1384.11075)]; the notion of \(\mu\)-ordinariness, introduced by Rapoport, is the analogue in presence of \(G\)-structure of the usual notion of ordinariness. The main result states that \(\mathrm{Def}_G(\mathcal{G})\) has the structure of a \textit{shifted subcascade}, a notion elaborating that of cascade defined in [\textit{B. Moonen}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 37, No. 2, 223--269 (2004; Zbl 1107.11028)]. The identity section with respect to this structure is given by a unique \(G\)-adapted lift \(\tilde{\mathcal{G}}\) of \(\mathcal{G}\) to \(W(\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p)\) to which all \(G\)-automorphisms of \(\mathcal{G}\) up to isogeny lift. The existence of \(\tilde{\mathcal{G}}\) is proved generalising an argument by Moonen for the PEL case, by means of more advanced group-theoretic techniques; the idea is that of lifting each part of the slope decomposition of \(\mathcal{G}\) separately. In fact, the authors also prove that the slope filtration of \(\mathcal{G}\) lifts to all its \(G\)-adapted deformations, with graded pieces equal to those of \(\tilde{\mathcal{G}}\). This is at the basis of the shifted cascade structure of \(\mathrm{Def}_G(\mathcal{G})\), whose defining properties are then checked by the authors using Fontaine-Laffaille theory. The above results are applied to the local study of the integral models of Shimura varieties of Hodge type with hyperspecial level structure constructed in [\textit{M. Kisin}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 23, No. 4, 967--1012 (2010; Zbl 1280.11033)]. Indeed, the formal neighbourhood \(\hat{U}_x\) of a point \(x\) in the special fibre of this space can be identified with \(\mathrm{Def}_G(\mathcal{G}_x)\), where \(G\) is the reductive group over \(\mathbb{Q}_p\) associated to the Shimura datum and \(\mathcal{G}_x\) is the \(p\)-divisible group of the abelian variety with \(G\)-structure \(\mathcal{A}_x\) corresponding to \(x\). In particular, if \(x\) lies in the \(\mu\)-ordinary locus (where \(\mu\) is associated to the Shimura datum), it follows from the above that \(\hat{U}_x\) has the structure of a shifted subcascade, with identity section given by a unique lift \(\tilde{\mathcal{A}}_x\) of \(\mathcal{A}_x\) to which all \(G\)-automorphisms of \(\mathcal{A}_x\) lift. In addition, the authors deduce that \(\tilde{\mathcal{A}}_x\) corresponds to a special point of the Shimura variety and, using recent work of Chai, that the set of CM points in \(\hat{U}_x\) is dense. This article provides a generalisation of Serre-Tate theory, together with its application to the moduli space of principally polarised abelian varieties, to the context of more general Shimura varieties, namely those of Hodge type. In this sense, this work upgrades, introducing new methods, previous results by Moonen in the PEL case, as well as similar conclusions from [\textit{R. Noot}, J. Algebr. Geom. 5, No. 1, 187--207 (1996; Zbl 0864.14015)] and [\textit{S. Hong}, Math. Z. 291, No. 1--2, 473--497 (2019; Zbl 1440.14114)] under certain restrictions on the slopes of \(\mathcal{G}\).