Tower power for \(S\)-adics (Q2663108)

The authors describe a method for finding all invariant measures of \(S\)-adic symbolic dynamical systems and for calculating the corresponding measures of cylinders. One purpose of the paper is to explain and restate their results from [the first author et al., J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 101, No. 3, 1112--1172 (2020; Zbl 1504.37015)] for the special case of \(S\)-adic systems. These results are used to study, for each \(d \ge 2\), \(S\)-adic systems (with finite sets of substitutions on \(d\) letters) that are minimal and have \(d\) distinct ergodic probability measures. The calculation of the cylinder measures is performed in particular for everywhere growing substitutions, using augmented incidence matrices that take into account words of length 2 and not only letters, similarly to [\textit{M. Queffélec}, Substitution dynamical systems. Spectral analysis. Dordrecht: Springer (2010; Zbl 1225.11001)], where only primitive substitutions are considered. Several examples are studied in detail.