Cdh descent, cdarc descent, and Milnor excision (Q2664148)

In this paper, the authors study the so-called \textit{Milnor excision} in various context. This is a very important property -- it gives global result (of functors) from gluing data (of spaces). Various topologies were introduced, including the cdp, rh, and cdh topologies (the latter extends the cdh topology introduced by Voevodsky to the non-noetherian setting), which are of ``completely decomposed'' nature. The details involve studying the Riemann-Zariski space of a scheme in section 2, to reveal some delicate information of the scheme (e.g. valuative dimension and homotopy dimension of certain \(\infty\)-topoi). Notably, it confirms in \S 2.4 that the homotopy dimension of the \(\infty\)-topos of cdh-sheaves on the category of finitely presented schemes over a qcqs scheme is bounded above by its valuative dimension and this \(\infty\)-topos hypercomplete (Theorem 2.4.15 and Corollary 2.4.16). In section 3, it introduces several other topologies, including the cdarc topology, of ``valuative'' nature (which resembles some other work like the v-topology in [\textit{B. Bhatt} and \textit{P. Scholze}, Invent. Math. 209, No. 2, 329--423 (2017; Zbl 1397.14064)] and arc-topology in [\textit{B. Bhatt} and \textit{A. Mathew}, Duke Math. J. 170, No. 9, 1899--1988 (2021; Zbl 1478.14036)]). The main results, Theorems 3.3.4 and 3.3.11, give criteria for Milnor excision and cdarc descent. In the last subsection, these are applied to deduce interesting result about Milnor excision and descent properties for functors defined by motivic spectra and motivic complexes (Theorem 3.4.8, Corollaries 3.4.9 and 3.4.10; the authors also mention ongoing work removing the torsion assumptions, hence having even stronger Milnor excision properties). The results as well as the techniques used in this paper will be very useful, and could have other interesting applications.