Absolute irreducibility of the binomial polynomials (Q2664481)

The main objects of study in the paper under review are the binomial polynomials \(\binom{x}{n}=\frac{x(x-1)\ldots(x-n+1)}{n!},\ n\geq 1\) as elements of \(\text{Int}(\mathbb{Z})=\{f\in\mathbb{Q}[x]\ \vert\ f(\mathbb{Z})\subseteq\mathbb{Z}\}.\) It is well-known that the binomial polynomials \(\binom{x}{n}\) are irreducible in \(\text{Int}(\mathbb{Z}).\) Then main result of the paper is that the binomial polynomials are absolutely irreducible in \(\text{Int}(\mathbb{Z})\), that is all the powers \(\binom{x}{n}^m,\ m\geq 1,\) factor uniquely into irreducible elements. The proof is quite elaborated, reformulating the problem in terms of linear algebra and number theory.