On the existence and asymptotic behavior of solutions of half-linear ordinary differential equations (Q2670018)

In this paper, the half-linear differential equation with one-dimensional \(p\)-Laplacian \((p = \alpha +1)\), \[ (|u'|^{\alpha}sgn(u'))' =\alpha(\lambda^{\alpha +1}+b(t))|u|^{\alpha}sgn(u), t\geq t_0, \tag{1} \] is considered, where \(\alpha\) and \(\lambda\) are positive constants. When \(\alpha =1\), the above equation is reduced to the linear equation \[ u'' =(\lambda^2+b(t))u, t\geq t_0. \tag{2} \] It is well-known that if \(\int^{\infty}_{t_0}|b(t)|dt < \infty\), then the above linear equation has a fundamental set of solutions \(\{u_1(t), u_2(t)\}\) such that \[ u_1(t)\sim e^{\lambda t}, u'_1(t)\sim \lambda e^{\lambda t}, u_2(t)\sim e^{-\lambda t}, u'_2(t)\sim -\lambda e^{-\lambda t} \] as \(t\to\infty\). Moreover, every solution satisfies either \(u(t)\sim e^{\lambda t}, u'(t)\sim \lambda e^{\lambda t}\) or \(u(t)\sim e^{-\lambda t}, u'(t)\sim -\lambda e^{-\lambda t}\) as \(t\to\infty\). The available results in literature proved that the asymptotic forms of solutions for (2) is also true for (1) under stronger conditions. In this paper, it is shown that the results for (2) is also true for (1) without requiring any additional conditions. Further, some non-oscillatory solution behaviour is derived under weaker conditions. An excellent piece of work!