On Cartwright-Littlewood fixed point theorem (Q2673089)

\textit{M. L. Cartwright} and \textit{J. E. Littlewood} [Ann. Math. (2) 54, 1--37 (1951; Zbl 0054.07101)] proved that an orientation-preserving planar homeomorphism has a fixed point in every acyclic invariant continuum. Here an \textit{acyclic continuum} means a compact and connected subset \(X\subset\mathbb{R}^2\) with \(\mathbb{R}^2\setminus X\) connected; the condition ``acyclic'' is equivalent to the existence of a decreasing sequence of closed disks \(\{K_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\) such that \(K_n\subset\mathrm{Int}K_{n-1}\) and \(X=\bigcap_{n\in\mathbb{N}}K_n\). The result was obtained in previous publications [\textit{H. Bell}, Fundam. Math. 100, 119--128 (1978; Zbl 0392.54025); \textit{K. Kuperberg}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 112, No. 1, 223--229 (1991; Zbl 0722.55001); Math. Sci. Res. Inst. Publ. 22, 367--371 (1991; Zbl 0737.55002); \textit{J. P. Boronski}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 138, No. 10, 3717--3722 (2010; Zbl 1203.55001); Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 37, No. 6, 1815--1824 (2017; Zbl 1383.37019); \textit{G. Ostrovski}, Topology Appl. 160, No. 7, 915--923 (2013; Zbl 1297.54074)]. More general results were obtained in [\textit{A. M. Blokh} et al., Fixed point theorems for plane continua with applications. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2013; Zbl 1341.37024)]. In the present paper the following is proved. Suppose that \(h:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}^2\) is an orientation-preserving homeomorphism, \(X\) is an acyclic continuum, and \(C\) is a component of \(X\cap h(X)\). If there exists \(c\in C\) such that \(\{h^n(c)\colon n\ge 0\}\subset C\) or \(\{h^{-n}(c)\colon n\ge 0\}\subset C\), then \(C\) contains a fixed point of \(h\). This new theorem generalizes the Cartwright-Littlewood theorem and also earlier results. The proof is inspired by a short proof of Cartwright-Littlewood theorem given by \textit{O. H. Hamilton} [Can. J. Math. 6, 522--524 (1954; Zbl 0058.38605)]. The authors mention that it is still unknown whether every acyclic planar continuum has the fixed point property.