Reversed Stein-Weiss inequalities with Poisson-type kernel and qualitative analysis of extremal functions (Q2673473)

The author studies a reverse Stein-Weiss type inequality, namely, \[ \int_{\mathbb{R}_+^n}\int_{\partial\mathbb{R}_+^n} \lvert x\rvert^\alpha \frac{\lvert x-y\rvert^\gamma}{x_n^\theta} f(x)g(y)\lvert y\rvert^\beta \,dydx \geq C \lVert f\rVert_{L^{q^\prime}(\mathbb{R}_+^n)} \lVert g\rVert_{L^p(\partial\mathbb{R}_+^n)}, \tag{1}\] where \(f \in L^{q^\prime}(\mathbb{R}_+^n)\) and \(g \in L^p(\partial\mathbb{R}_+^n)\) are non-negative functions, \(0 < p\), \(q^\prime< 1\) and \(\gamma,\theta > 0\). The author proves that (1) holds true under additional conditions on the different parameters involved; the proof uses a duality argument and a reverse version of Hardy's inequality. Inspired by techniques in [\textit{E. H. Lieb}, Ann. Math. (2) 118, 349--374 (1983; Zbl 0527.42011)], the author goes on to show that equality is attained in (1). The paper also contains asymptotic information about the minimizers. For example, if \((f, g)\) is a minimizing pair, then \[ \lim_{\lvert x\rvert \to \infty} \frac{f^{q'-1}(x)x_n^\theta}{\lvert x\rvert^{\gamma+\alpha}} = c, \] where \(c\) is computed in terms of \(g\). In the final part of the paper, the case \(\alpha = \beta = 0\) is studied in more detail. For example, when the indices are conformal, that is, \[ q' = \frac{2n}{2n + \gamma - 2\theta}\qquad \text{and}\qquad p = \frac{2(n-1)}{2n + \gamma - 2} \] then the author is able to write explicit formulae for the constant \(C\) in (1) and for the minimizing pairs \((f, g)\); the proof is motivated by the method of moving spheres [\textit{Y. Y. Li}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 6, No. 2, 153--180 (2004; Zbl 1075.45006)]. In short, when the indices are conformal, the Euler-Lagrange system that results from (1) is invariant under reflection across a sphere (a Kelvin-type transform), which forces the solutions to have a specific structure.