Cowen-Douglas operators and shift operators (Q2675931)

Let \(\mathcal{H}\) be a separable infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space. For a connected open subset \(\Omega\) of the complex plane and a positive integer \(n\), the set \(\mathcal{B}_n(\Omega)\) consists of all bounded operators \(T\) on \(\mathcal{H}\) that satisfy the following conditions: \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] \(\Omega\subset \sigma(T)\); \item[(b)] \(\mathrm{ran}(T-z) = \mathcal{H}\) for all \(z\in\Omega\); \item[(c)] \(\bigvee_{z\in\Omega}\ker(T-z) = \mathcal{H}\); \item[(d)] \(\dim\ker(T-z) = n\) for all \(z\in\Omega\). \end{itemize} An operator in \(\mathcal{B}_n(\Omega)\) is called a Cowen-Douglas operator. A typical example of an operator in \(\mathcal{B}_n(\Omega)\) is the \(n\)-multiplicity backward shift on an orthonormal basis. Let \(T\) belong to \(\mathcal{B}_n(\Omega)\). The following results are established: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] For every \(z\in\Omega\), there exists a complete and minimal sequence \(\{f_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) in \(\mathcal{H}\) such that \(T-z\) is the backward shift on \(\{f_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\). \item[(2)] For every \(z\in\Omega\), there exists a generalized basis \(\{g_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\) on \(\mathcal{H}\) such that \((T-z)^{*}\) is the forward shift on \(\{g_k\}_{k=0}^{\infty}\). \item[(3)] If \(n\geq 2\), then for any \(z\in\mathbb{C}\), the operator \(T-z\) is never a backward shift on any Markushevich basis of \(\mathcal{H}\). \item[(4)] In the case \(n=1\), the authors provide equivalent conditions for \(T\) to be realized as a backward shift on some Markushevich basis. \end{itemize} A discussion on multiplication operators on the Bergman space over a bounded domain in the complex plane is also given. In particular, it is shown that the multiplication operator with a Möbius transformation defined on the Bergman space over the unit disk is a forward shift on some Markushevich basis.