Sumsets with prescribed lower and upper asymptotic densities (Q2675933)

Let \(\mathsf{d}^\star\) and \(\mathsf{d}_\star\) be the upper asymptotic density and the lower asymptotic density on \(\mathbb{N}\), respectively. Also, denote by \(\mathrm{Fin}\) the family of nonempty finite subsets of \(\mathbb{N}\). The authors show the following results: \begin{itemize} \item For every integer \(k \ge 2\) and every \(0 \le \alpha \le \beta \le 1\) there exists \(A \subseteq \mathbb{N}\) such that \[ \mathsf{d}_\star(kA) = \alpha \text{ and } \mathsf{d}^\star(kA) = \beta, \] where \(kA\) stands for the sumset \(A + \cdots + A\), repeated \(k\) times. \item For all reals \(0 \le \alpha \le \beta \le 1\), there exists \(A \subseteq \mathbb{N}\) such that \[ \text{ for all } B \in \mathrm{Fin},\quad \mathsf{d}_\star(A + B) = \alpha \text{ and } \mathsf{d}^\star(A + B) = \beta. \] \end{itemize} The proofs are constructive and depend on the explicit definitions of \(\mathsf{d}^\star\) and \(\mathsf{d}_\star\).