On the approximation of electromagnetic fields by edge finite elements. IV: Analysis of the model with one sign-changing coefficient (Q2676864)

The authors consider the Maxwell equations: find \(\bar{\boldsymbol{e}}\in\boldsymbol{H}_0(\mathbf{curl};\Omega)\) such that \[ \begin{aligned} \mathbf{curl}(\mu^{-1}\mathbf{curl}\, \boldsymbol{e})-\omega^2\varepsilon \boldsymbol{e}=\iota\omega\boldsymbol{j}\quad \text{in } \Omega,\\ \operatorname{div} \varepsilon \boldsymbol{e}=\rho \quad \text{in } \Omega, \end{aligned} \] in the following assumptions that \(\Omega\) is a domain in \(\mathbb R^3\) with a Lipschitz-continuous boundary \(\partial\Omega\), the real-valued coefficient \(\varepsilon\) is the electric permittivity tensor and the real-valued coefficient \(\mu\) is the magnetic permeability tensor, the complex-valued source terms \(\boldsymbol{j}\) and \(\rho\) are respectively the current density and the charge density, \(\boldsymbol{e}\) is a complex-valued electric field, \(\omega>0\) is a pulsation. ``It is assumed that the reader is familiar with function spaces related to Maxwell's equations, such as \(\boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{curl};\mathcal{O}), \boldsymbol{H}_0(\mathbf{curl};\mathcal{O}), \boldsymbol{H}(\mathbf{div};\mathcal{O}), \boldsymbol{H}_0(\mathbf{div};\mathcal{O})\) etc.'' The author refers to appropriate books. The author goes to a certain variational formulation of the problem and assumes that it is well-posed. For this case he considers approximation problem by \textit{J.-C. Nédélec}'s finite elements [Numer. Math. 35, 315--341 (1980; Zbl 0419.65069)] and using the classical global Raviart-Thomas-Nédélec interpolant and so called ``\(T\)-coercivity'' property the leads to a discrete variational problem. Properties of such interpolant are described in the paper. Further, the author proves unique solvability for the discrete variational problem and gives optimal error estimates. For Parts I--II, see [Comput. Math. Appl. 71, No. 1, 85--104 (2016; Zbl 1443.65320); Comput. Math. Appl. 73, No. 9, 1900--1919 (2017; Zbl 1379.78020); SIAM J. Math. Anal. 52, No. 3, 3004--3038 (2020; Zbl 1448.65224)].