On some singular limits arising in fluid dynamic modelling (Q2683177)

A Navier-Stokes-type equation for a compressible fluid in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) is considered, which includes a term related with the Coriolis effect. This term is multiplied with a coefficient \(1/ \epsilon\), where \(\epsilon\) is a small real number. The terms containing the pressure are multiplied by the factor \(1/ \epsilon ^{2\beta}\). The point is a careful analysis of the phenomena governed by this general model, when \(\epsilon \rightarrow 0 \). The main result is following: ``the asymptotic behaviour of the model will be those of an incompressible fluid or of a geostrophic flow''. Very interesting problems related with the regularity and the limiting behaviour are solved in Section 3, where the uniform a priori estimates with respect to the small parameter are given. The main tools are the weak solutions in some specific Sobolev spaces. Results concerning the control of fast velocity oscillation in time (\(\beta >1\)) are given in Section 4.2. The convergence of the solenoidal part of the velocity is analysed in Section 4.3. In Section 5 is studied the case \(\beta=1/2\), when ``the fast rotation of order \(1/ \epsilon\) due to the Coriolis force prevails on the low Mach number regime'' and the incompressible regime can occur. The spectral properties of the rotating operator are analysed. Some relationships with the artificial compressibility approximation are highlighted in the last part.