Solutions of the matrix equation \(p(X)=A\), with polynomial function \(p(\lambda)\) over field extensions of \(\mathbb{Q}\) (Q2693704)

Assume that \(\mathbb{H}\) is a field such that \(\mathbb{Q}\subseteq \mathbb{H}\subseteq \mathbb{C}\) and \(p(\lambda)\) is a polynomial of degree \(\ell\) with coefficients in \(\mathbb{H}\). Let \(A\) be an \(n\times n\) matrix with entries in \(\mathbb{H}\). The authors consider the equation \(p(X)=A\) and investigate the conditions for the existence of a solution \(X\) with entries in \(\mathbb{H}\). In particular, they are interested in the case when \(A\) is non-derogatory, i.e., for each eigenvalue the geometric multiplicity of the eigenvalue is one.