On some curves in three-dimensional \(\beta\)-Kenmotsu manifolds (Q2693808)

An almost contact metric manifold $\langle M^{2n+1},\{\phi,\xi,\eta,g\}\rangle$ is said to be an $f$-Kenmotsu manifold if the Levi-Civita connection $\nabla$ of its metric satisfies \[ (\nabla_X\phi)Y=f(g(\phi X,Y)\xi-\eta(Y)\phi X),\qquad \nabla_X\xi=f(X-\eta(X)\xi) \] where $f$ is a strictly positive differentiable function on $M^{2n+1}$. If $f$ is equal to a nonzero constant $\beta$, then this manifold is called a $\beta$-Kenmotsu manifold. The authors establish some necessary and sufficient conditions for a Frenet curve in a three-dimensional $\beta$-Kenmotsu manifold to be $f$-harmonic, $f$-biharmonic, bi-$f$-harmonic and $f$-biminimal. Some nonexistence theorems about $f$-biharmonic curves in three dimensional $\beta$-Kenmotsu manifolds are obtained. In particular, the following two theorems are the most important. Theorem 1. There does not exist an $f$-biharmonic Frenet curve with constant curvature in a three-dimensional $\beta$-Kenmotsu manifold. Theorem 2. There does not exist an $f$-biharmonic Legendre curve in a three-dimensional $\beta$-Kenmotsu manifold.