The inverse function theorem for curved \(L\)-infinity spaces (Q2697952)

The notion of a \textit{curved \(L_{\infty}\)-space} was introduced in [\textit{K. J. Costello}, ``A geometric construction of the Witten genus. I'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1006.5422}], as an alternative approach to derived differential geometry, where an \(L_{\infty}\)-space is defined as a pair \((M,\mathfrak{G})\) with \(M\) a smooth manifold and \(\mathfrak{G}\) a curved \(L_{\infty}\)-algebra over the de Rham algebra \(\Omega_{M}^{\ast}\). This paper works with a more down-to-earth notion of \(L_{\infty}\)-space after [\textit{K. Behrend}, ``Differential graded schemes. I: Perfect resolving algebras'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:math/0212225}; ``Differential graded schemes. II: The 2-category of differential graded schemes'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:math/0212226}; \textit{I. Ciocan-Fontanine} and \textit{M. Kapranov}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 34, No. 3, 403--440 (2001; Zbl 1050.14042); Geom. Topol. 13, No. 3, 1779--1804 (2009; Zbl 1159.14002). This notion is equivalent to the original one [\textit{J. Tu}, ``Homotopy \(L\)-infinity spaces'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1411.5115}]. Conceptually, the \(L_{\infty}\) approach to derived geometric structures is Koszul dual to the more classical approach using dg commutative algebra [\textit{B. Toën} and \textit{G. Vezzosi}, Homotopical algebraic geometry. II: Geometric stacks and applications. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2008; Zbl 1145.14003)]. Such structures naturally appear in various gauge theories, producing \(L_{\infty}\) enhancements of the associated Maurer-Cartan moduli spaces. The principal objective in this paper is to understand when maps of \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces\ are invertible. The first main result, which goes precisely as follows, claims that if \(d\mathfrak{f}_{p}\) is a quasi-isomorphism of chain complexes, then \(\mathfrak{f}\) is locally invertible. Theorem. Let \((M,\mathfrak{g})\) and \((N,\mathfrak{h})\) be \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces and \[ \mathfrak{f}=(f,f^{\#}):(M,\mathfrak{g})\rightarrow(N,\mathfrak{h}) \] be an \(L_{\infty}\) morphism. Assume that the tangent map \(d\mathfrak{f}_{p}\) is a quasi-isomorphism at \(p\in(\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{M}})^{-1}(0)\). Then there exist open neighborhoods \(U\) of \(p\) and \(V\) of \(f(p)\) such that the restriction \[ \mathfrak{f}\mid_{U}:(U,\mathfrak{g}\mid_{U})\rightarrow(V,\mathfrak{h}\mid_{V}) \] is a homotopy equivalence of \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces. In the case when both \(\mathfrak{g}\) and \(\mathfrak{h}\) are trivial, this is simply the inverse function theorem for smooth manifolds. When the \ bundle is concentrated in degree \(2\), the notion of \(m\)-Kuranishi neighborhood [\textit{D. Joyce}, Math. Surv. Monogr. 237, 253--298 (2019; Zbl 1444.53054); \textit{D. Joyce}, ``A new definition of Kuranishi space'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1409.6908}] or Kuranishi chart [\textit{K. Fukaya} et al., Lagrangian intersection Floer theory. Anomaly and obstruction. I. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS); Somerville, MA: International Press (2009; Zbl 1181.53002)] is obtained, where the theorem essentially recovers [\textit{D. Joyce}, ``A new definition of Kuranishi space'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1409.6908}, Theorem 4.16], but with a different notion of homotopy. In the case when both \(M\) and \(N\) are a point, the theorem recovers the well-known fact [\textit{J.-L. Loday} and \textit{B. Vallette}, Algebraic operads. Berlin: Springer (2012; Zbl 1260.18001)] that quasi-isomorphisms between \(L_{\infty}\)-algebras are homotopy equivalences, which is referred to as the Whitehead theorem for \(L_{\infty}\)-algebras. The authors expect a global version of the theorem obtains, which is formulated as a conjecture. Conjecture. Let \[ \mathfrak{f}=(f,f^{\#}):(M,\mathfrak{g})\rightarrow(N,\mathfrak{h}) \] be an \(L_{\infty}\) morphism. Assume that the tangent map \(d\mathfrak{f}_{p}\) is a quasi-isomorphism for all \(p\in(\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{M}})^{-1}(0)\) and that the induced map \[ f:(\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{M}})^{-1}(0)\rightarrow (\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{N}})^{-1}(0) \] on the zero loci is a bijection. Then there exists open neighborhoods \(U\) of \((\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{M}})^{-1}(0)\) and \(V\) of \((\mu_{0}^{\mathbb{N}})^{-1}(0)\) such that the restriction \[ \mathfrak{f}\mid_{U}:(U,\mathfrak{g}\mid_{U})\rightarrow(V,\mathfrak{h}\mid_{V}) \] is a homotopy equivalence of \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces. The second main result of the paper is the construction of a minimal chart around a point \(p\in\mu_{0}^{-1}(0)\subset M\). Theorem. Let \((M,\mathfrak{g})\) be an \(L_{\infty}\)-space and \(p\in \mu_{0}^{-1}(0)\). Then there exists an \(L_{\infty}\)-space \(\mathbb{W}=(W,\mathfrak{h})\) with \(W\subset M\) a submanifold containing \(p\), such that \begin{itemize} \item the tangent complex \(T_{p}\mathbb{W}\) has zero differential: \item there exists an open neighborhood \(U\subset M\) of \(p\) containing \(W\) such that the inclusion map \(i:W\rightarrow U\) extends to a homotopy equivalence \[ (i,i^{\#}):(W,\mathfrak{h})\rightarrow(U,\mathfrak{g}\mid_{U}) \] of \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces, where the map \(i^{\#}:\mathfrak{h}\rightarrow i^{\ast }\mathfrak{g}\) is an \ homomorphism constructed explicitly using summation over trees. \end{itemize} Similar results are obtained in [\textit{K. Behrend} et al., ``Derived differentiable manifolds'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:2006.01376}], using the framework of categories of fibrant objects. It is not clear how the notion of homotopy between morphisms of \(L_{\infty}\)-spaces there is related to that in this paper.