Actions of Borel subgroups on homogeneous spaces of reductive complex Lie groups and integrability (Q2731696)

The author considers the action of a real connected reductive Lie group \(G\) on the cotangent bundle \(T^*(G/K)\), where \(K\) is a closed subgroup of \(G\). This action is Hamiltonian with respect to the natural symplectic structure on \(T^*(G/K)\) and therefore there is an induced moment map \(P:T^*(G/K) \to{\mathfrak g}^*\), where \({\mathfrak g}\) is the Lie algebra of \(G\). A function \(h:{\mathfrak g}^* \to\mathbb{R}\) defines via composition with \(P\) a first integral for every flow on \(T^*(G/K)\) induced by a \(G\)-invariant Hamiltonian \(H\). The author shows that the maximal number \(N_{\max}\) of independent such functions which are an involution with respect to the Poisson bracket equals \(N_{\max}=\dim (T^*(G/K))/2- \varepsilon(G,K)\), where \(2 \varepsilon (G,K)\) is the maximal number of functionally independent functions from \(A/C\), and \(A\) is the algebra of \(G\)-invariant analytic functions on \(T^*(G/K)\) with the Poisson bracket and with center \(C\). Moreover \(\varepsilon(G,K)\) equals the codimension of the orbit of a Borel-subgroup \(B\subset G^\mathbb{C}\) on the variety \(G^\mathbb{C}/ K^\mathbb{C}.\)NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the special case that the group \(K\) is compact one can say more. Namely, in this case there exist \(2\varepsilon(G/K)\) independent \(G\)-invariant real analytic functions which are moreover independent of the functions of the form \(h\circ P\). If in addition \(\varepsilon (G/K)=1\), then any Hamiltonian system on \(T^*(G/K)\) with a \(G\)-invariant Hamiltonian function \(H\) is integrable. The proofs are purely algebraic and based on structure theory for reductive Lie groups.