Ground states and spectrum of quantum electrodynamics of nonrelativistic particles (Q2731954)

Let \(\mathcal F\) be a boson Fock space and \({\mathcal H}=L^2({\mathbb R}^{dN})\otimes {\mathcal F}\). The Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian NEWLINE\[NEWLINEH = {1\over 2}\sum_{j=1}^N (P^j\otimes I-\varepsilon A(x^j))^2+V_{ex}\otimes I + I\otimes H_fNEWLINE\]NEWLINE in the Hilbeert space \(\mathcal H\) describes a system of \(N\)-nonrelativistic particles bound on external potential \(V_{ex}\) and coupled to a massless quantized radiation field \(A(x^j)\). Here \(H_f\) is the free Hamiltonian in \(\mathcal F\); \(P^j=(p_1^j,\dots,p_d^j)\), \(p^j_\mu=-i\nabla_{x^j_\mu}\); the external potential \(V_{ex}\) is the sum of a quadratic potential and a multiplication operator, which is infinitesimally small with respect to the Laplacian. The coupling constant \(\varepsilon\) is such that \(0 < \varepsilon < \varepsilon_0\) for some \(\varepsilon_0 > 0\). An ultraviolet cut-off is imposed on the quantized radiation field. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe existence of the ground states of \(H\) is established. It is shown that there exist asymptotic annihilation and creation operators and the absolutely continuous spectrum of \(H\) is \([G,\infty)\) for some \(G\in{\mathbb R}\).