Meromorphic transformation to the Birkhoff standard form in small dimensions (Q2736068)

The system of linear differential equations \(z(dy/dz)=C(z)y\) with \(z\in \mathbb{C}\) and with the \(p\times p\)-matrix \(C(z)\) of the form \(C(z)=z^r\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }C_nz^{-n}\), \(C_0\neq 0\), \(r\geq 0\), is said to have Poincaré rank \(r\) at \(\infty\); the series converges in some neighbourhood of \(\infty\). If in the series one has \(C_n=0\) for \(n>r\), then the system is said to be in Birkhoff standard form. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe author treats the question in which cases a system can be transformed to a Birkhoff standard form and without increasing its Poincaré rank by means of an analytic or meromorphic transformation of the form \(y\mapsto \Gamma (z)y~(*)\) (where the \(p\times p\)-matrices \(\Gamma\) and \(\Gamma ^{-1}\) are analytic or meromorphic at \(\infty\)). If the system can be brought to a block upper-triangular form with square diagonal blocks by means of such a transformation, then it is called reducible (and irreducible if not). The author has proved [in: Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 203, 29-35 (1995); translation from Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 203, 33-40 (1994; Zbl 0906.34007)] that every irreducible system can be brought to Birkhoff standard form by means of an analytic transformation \((*)\) and, hence, without increasing its Poincaré rank. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the present paper he proves that this is true (yet by means of a meromorphic, not analytic transformation) also for reducible systems of size 4 or 5 having only two diagonal blocks, the restrictions of the system to which are irreducible.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 0967.00102].