Varieties of adjoined regular rings (Q2736209)

For an associative ring \(R\), \(a\circ b=a+b-ab\), \(a,b\in R\). For any prime \(p\), let \(S_p\) be the ring of all \(2\times 2\) upper triangular matrices over the field of \(p\) elements. Theorem: For a variety \(\mathcal V\) of associative rings, the following conditions are equivalent: (i) For every \(R\in{\mathcal V}\), the semigroup \(\langle R;\circ\rangle\) is regular; (ii) Every \(R\in{\mathcal V}\) is generalized (Jacobson) radical; (iii) The ring \(S_p\) does not belong to \(\mathcal V\) for any prime \(p\); (iv) For some integers \(k>1\) and \(m\), \(\mathcal V\) satisfies the identity \(x^m(y-y^k)x^m=0\).