Running coupling constants of fermions with masses in quantum electrodynamics and quantum chromodynamics (Q2746871)

Based on a simple but effective regularization-renormalization method (RRM), the running coupling constants (RCC) of fermions with masses in quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) are calculated by renormalization group equation (RGE). Starting at \(Q=0\) \((Q\) being the momentum transfer), the RCC in QED increases with the increase of \(Q\) whereas the RCCs for different flavors of quarks with masses in QCD are different and they increase with the decrease of \(Q\) to reach a maximum at low \(Q\) for each flavor of quark and then decreases to zero at \(Q\to 0\). Thus a constraint on the mass of light quarks, the hadronization energy scale of quark-antiquark pairs are derived.