A generalized Quot scheme and meromorphic vortices (Q275095)

Let \(X\) be a compact connected Riemann surface and \(d_p\), \(d_z\) be two fixed positive integers. Denote by \(O_X^{\oplus r}\) the trivial vector bundle of degree \(r\) on \(X\). Consider pairs of the form \((E,f)\) where \(E\) is a holomorphic vector bundle on \(X\) of rank \(r\) and degree \(d_z-d_p\) and \(f:O_X^{\oplus r}\to E\) is a meromorphic homeomorphism which is isomorphic outside a finite set and has poles of total multiplicity \(d_p\) and zeroes of total multiplicity \(d_z\). The moduli space, considered in the paper, consists of equivalent classes of such pairs; two pairs \((E_1,f_1)\) and \((E_2,f_2)\) are equivalent if there exists a holomorphic isomorphism \(\varphi: E_1\to E_2\) such that \(\varphi\circ f_1=f_2\). The main goal of the paper is to construct a natural compactification of the described moduli space and investigate its cohomologies. Now we will describe the results in more details. The main object of study is \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p,d_z)\) which is defined as the relative Quot scheme, for some family \(K^*\), over the Quot scheme \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p)\). Here \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p)\) is the Quot scheme parametrizing the torsion quotients of \(O_X^{\oplus r}\) of degree \(d_p\) and \(K^*\) is a family of vector bundles on \(X\) parametrized by \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p)\) and parametrizing torsion quotients of degree \(d_z\). Proposition 4.1, in fact, states that the fundamental group of \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p,d_z)\) is isomorphic to the fundamental group of \(\mathrm{Sym}^{d_p}(X)\times \mathrm{Sym}^{d_z}(X)\); here \(\mathrm{Sym}^{n}(X)\) is the \(n\)th symmetric power of \(X\). Since \(\pi_1(\mathrm{Sym}^{n}(X))\simeq H_1(X,\mathbb{Z})\), \(n\geq2\), the group \(\pi_1(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p,d_z))\) can be expressed explicitly via \(H_1(X,\mathbb{Z})\) and \(H_1(X)\) for all \(d_p\) and \(d_z\) (Corollary 4.2). At last, the Poincaré polynomial \(P\) for \(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p,d_z)\) is found. Theorem 5.3 states that \[ P\big(\mathrm{Quot}(r,d_p,d_z),t\big)=\sum_\mathbf{P}\sum_\mathbf{Q} t^{2[d(\mathbf{P})+d(\mathbf{Q})]}P\big(\mathrm{Sym}^\mathbf{P}(X),t\big)P\big(\mathrm{Sym}^\mathbf{Q}(X),t\big). \] Here \(\mathbf{P}=(p_1,\ldots,p_r)\) and \(\mathbf{Q}=(q_1,\ldots,q_r)\) are partitions of \(d_p\) and \(d_z\) and \[ d(\mathbf{P})=\sum_{j=1}^r(j-1)p_j, \quad d(\mathbf{Q})=\sum_{j=1}^r(j-1)q_j. \]