Generalized eigenvalue problem and a new family of rational functions biorthogonal on elliptic grids. (Q2760161)

This is a survey of results by these authors published elsewhere [\textit{A. Zhedanov}, ``Biorthogonal rational functions and the generalized eigenvalue problem'', J. Approximation Theory 101, No.2, 303--329 (1999; Zbl 1058.42502)] [\textit{V. Spiridonov} and \textit{A. Zhedanov}, ``Spectral transformation chains and some new biorthogonal rational functions'', Commun. Math. Phys. 210, No. 1, 49--83 (2000; Zbl 0989.33008); ``Classical biorthogonal rational functions on elliptic grids'', C. R. Math. Acad. Sci., Soc. R. Can. 22, No. 2, 70--76 (2000; Zbl 0974.33016)] [\textit{A. S. Zhedanov} and \textit{V. P. Spiridonov}, ``Hypergeometric biorthogonal rational functions'', Russ. Math. Surv. 54, No. 2, 461--463 (1999); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 54, No. 2, 173--174 (1999; Zbl 0940.33003)] and a forthcoming paper.NEWLINENEWLINEThe idea is the following: for orthogonal polynomials the 3-term recurrence relation can be written as \(J P(x) = x P(x)\) where \(J\) is a tridiagonal Jacobi matrix and \(P(x)\) the vector of orthogonal polynomials. Given two Jacobi matrices, the generalized eigenvalue problem \(J_1 R(z) = z J_2 R(z)\) gives a vector \(R(z)\) of rational functions that are biorthogonal with respect to summation over a set of points on an elliptic grid (it can be generated by an elliptic function). Related material is generalized correspondingly. For example, elliptic analogues of the very-well-poised balanced hypergeometric functions are defined and their properties are formulated. A class of rational functions is described that can be expressed in terms of these elliptic analogues and that satisfy 3-term recurrence relations. Properties about their zeros, their orthogonality, a difference equation they satisfy, properties of the grid points, and associated continued fractions are discussed.NEWLINENEWLINEFor the entire collection see [Zbl 0969.00053].