Formulas for rational-valued separability probabilities of random induced generalized two-qubit states (Q277883)

Summary: Previously, a formula, incorporating a \(5 F 4\) hypergeometric function, for the Hilbert-Schmidt-averaged determinantal moments \(\langle\left|\rho^{\text{P} \text{T}}\right|^n \left|\rho\right|^k\rangle /\langle\left|\rho\right|^k\rangle\) of \(4 \times 4\) density-matrices (\(\rho\)) and their partial transposes (\(| \rho^{\mathrm{PT}}|\)), was applied with \(k = 0\) to the generalized two-qubit separability probability question. The formula can, furthermore, be viewed, as we note here, as an averaging over ``induced measures in the space of mixed quantum states''. The associated induced-measure separability probabilities (\(k = 1,2, \ldots\)) are found -- \textit{via} a high-precision density approximation procedure -- to assume interesting, relatively simple rational values in the two-re[al]bit (\(\alpha = 1 / 2\)), (standard) two-qubit (\(\alpha = 1\)), and two-quater[nionic]bit (\(\alpha = 2\)) cases. We deduce rather simple companion (rebit, qubit, quaterbit,\dots) formulas that successfully reproduce the rational values assumed for \textit{general} \(k\). These formulas are observed to share certain features, possibly allowing them to be incorporated into a single master formula.