Homological projective duality for determinantal varieties (Q277990)

Homological Projective Duality (HPD) aims to generalize classical projective duality to a homological framework. It it a very important tool to study the bounded derived category of a projective variety, providing interesting semiorthogonal decompositions and offering ways to compare different varieties from the categorical point of view. Let \(X\) be a projective scheme and \(\mathscr{O}_X(H)\) a base-point-free line bundle. A Lefschetz decomposition of \(\text{D}^b(X)\) with respect to \(\mathscr{O}_X(H)\) is a semiorthogonal decomposition \[ \text{D}^b(X)=\langle A_0, A_1(H), \ldots, A_{i-1}((i-1)H) \rangle, \] with \(0 \subset A_{i-1} \subset \ldots \subset A_0\). Let \(X \to \mathbb{P}W\) the map given by the linear system associated with \(\mathscr{O}_X(H)\) and denote by \(\mathscr{X}\) the universal hyperplane section of \(X\). Roughtly speaking, a scheme \(Y\) with a map \(g:Y \to \mathbb{P}W^\vee\) is HP dual to \(X \to \mathbb{P}W\) with respect to a certain Lefschetz decomposition if there exists a fully faithful functor \(\Phi:\text{D}^b(Y)\to\text{D}^b(\mathscr{X})\) such that \[ \text{D}^b(\mathscr{X})=\langle \Phi(\text{D}^b(Y)), A_1(1) \boxtimes \text{D}^b(\mathbb{P}W^\vee), \ldots, A_{i-1}(i-1) \boxtimes \text{D}^b(\mathbb{P}W^\vee)\rangle. \] In the paper new families of HP dual varieties are described. The main result of the paper is the following: Theorem. Start with two vector spaces \(U\) and \(V\) of dimension \(m\) and \(n\) respectively with \(m \leq n\) and consider \(\mathcal{Q}\) and \(\mathcal{U}\) be the universal quotient and sub-bundle of the Grassmannian \(\mathbb{G}(U,r)\), \(0 < r < m\). Let \(\mathscr{X}:=\mathbb{P}(V \otimes \mathcal{Q})\) and \(\mathscr{Y}:=\mathbb{P}(V^\vee \otimes \mathcal{U}^\vee)\). Then \(\mathscr{X}\) and \(\mathscr{Y}\) are HP duals with Lefschetz decompositions explicitly given in the paper. Actually, \(\mathscr{X}\) is known to be the resolution of the variety \(\mathscr{Z}^r\) of \(m \times n\) matrices of rank at most \(r\). As a consequence of the main theorem the authors obtain a version of HPD also for \(\mathscr{Z}^r\). Two further important consequences of these results concernes problems about Fano-visitors and categorical representability. The notion of Fano-visitor comes from a question of Bondal: let \(X\) be a smooth projective variety; is there any smooth Fano variety \(Y\) together with a fully faithful functor \(\text{D}^b(X) \to \text{D}^b(Y)\)? If the answer is yes, \(X\) will be called a Fano-visitor. On the other hand, the notion of categorical representability of a variety was given in [\textit{M. Bernardara} and \textit{M. Bolognesi}, in: Derived categories in algebraic geometry. Proceedings of a conference held at the University of Tokyo, Japan in January 2011. Zürich: European Mathematical Society (EMS). 1--25 (2012; Zbl 1287.18010)]. A remarkable question associated to this notion is the following: is a rational projective variety always categorically representable in codimension at least two? In the paper an answer to such questions is given for the case of determinantal varieties, proving that the categorical resolution of singularities of any determinantal hypersurface of general type is a Fano-visitor, and that the categorical resolution of singularities of a rational determinantal variety is categorically representable in codimension at least two.