Global hypoellipticity and spectral theory (Q2785472)

The authors study linear partial differential operators with polynomial coefficients. In particular, they consider the asymptotic behavior of eigenvalues of certain self-adjoint hypoelliptic operators in this class. For this purpose, they study in detail a class of pseudo-differential operators of the usual form NEWLINE\[NEWLINEA(u)(x)= (2\pi)^{-n} \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} e^{ix\xi} a(x,\xi) \widehat u(\xi)d\xi,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where the symbol \(a(x,\xi)\) satisfies the estimate \(|\partial_\zeta^\alpha a(\zeta) |\leq C_\alpha w_P^{m-\rho |\alpha|} (\zeta)\), \(\zeta= (x,\xi)\). The weight \(w_P\) is given as NEWLINE\[NEWLINEw_P(\zeta)= \sqrt{\sum_{\gamma\in P} \zeta^{2 \gamma}},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(P\) is the convex hull of a set of \(k\) points in \(\mathbb{R}^{2n}\) with non-negative integer coordinates satisfying some additional properties.NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the first part of the book the authors develop for this class of operators the usual machinery in the theory of pseudo-differential operators. For instance, they discuss symbols, amplitudes, and a symbolic calculus. They also introduce an appropriate family of Sobolev spaces and discuss within this context hypoellipticity, local hypoellipticity, and the notion of \(P\)-wave front set, among other things. The second part is dedicated to spectral theory within the class of pseudo-differential operators. In particular, the authors obtain asymptotic estimates for the counting function of a hypoelliptic operator satisfying some additional conditions.