Rings whose unit graphs are planar (Q2803019)

The unit graph of a unitary ring \(R\) is a graph whose vertices are the elements of \(R\) and two distinct vertices \(r, s \in R\) are adjacent if and only if \(r+s\) is a unit in \(R\). The main result of the paper is:NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 1.2. Let \(R\) be a ring, \(U(R)\) be its set of units. Then, the unit graph of \(R\) is planar if and only if one of the following holds: \smallskip (1) \(\left| U(R) \right| \leq 3\) and \(\left| R \right| \leq 2^{\aleph_0}\), \smallskip (2) \(\left| U(R) \right| = 4\), \(\operatorname{char}(R) = 0\) and \(\left| R \right| \leq 2^{\aleph_0}\), \smallskip (3) \(R \simeq \mathbb{Z}_5\), \smallskip (4) \(R \simeq \mathbb{Z}_3 \times \mathbb{Z}_3\).NEWLINENEWLINEThis generalizes the results of \textit{N.~Ashrafi} et al. [Commun.\ Algebra 38, No. 8, 2851--2871 (2010; Zbl 1219.05150)]. The proof is essentially a case-by-case analysis.