Generalized \((c,d)\)-entropy and aging random walks (Q280740)

Summary: Complex systems are often inherently non-ergodic and non-Markovian and Shannon entropy loses its applicability. Accelerating, path-dependent and aging random walks offer an intuitive picture for non-ergodic and non-Markovian systems. It was shown that the entropy of non-ergodic systems can still be derived from three of the Shannon-Khinchin axioms and by violating the fourth, the so-called composition axiom. The corresponding entropy is of the form \(S_{c,d}\sim\sum_i\Gamma(1+d,1-c\ln p_i)\) and depends on two system-specific scaling exponents, \(c\) and \(d\). This entropy contains many recently proposed entropy functionals as special cases, including Shannon and Tsallis entropy. It was shown that this entropy is relevant for a special class of non-Markovian random walks. In this work, we generalize these walks to a much wider class of stochastic systems that can be characterized as ``aging'' walks. These are systems whose transition rates between states are path- and time-dependent. We show that for particular aging walks, \(S_{c,d}\) is again the correct extensive entropy. Before the central part of the paper, we review the concept of \((c,d)\)-entropy in a self-contained way.