Local-global principle for 0-cycles on fibrations over rationally connected bases (Q284870)

When studying an algebraic variety \(X\) defined by polynomials with rational coefficients, any rational point \(x\) of such a variety gives rise to a point \(x(p)\) defined over the \(p\)-adic numbers for every prime \(p\) and a point \(x(0)\) defined over the real numbers. The Hasse principle asks when this can be reversed: The rational numbers embeds into the \(p\)-adic numbers and the reals. Given a \(p\)-adic point \(x(p)\) of \(X(\mathbb{Q}_p)\) and a real point \(x(0)\) of \(X(\mathbb{R})\) satisfying a set of compatibility criteria, do \(x(p)\) and \(x(0)\) give rise to a rational point \(x\) in \(X(\mathbb{Q})\)? This is not always the case and this study leads to the Brauer-Manin obstruction. Let \(k\) be an algebraic number field and let \(X\) be a proper smooth and geometrically integral scheme over \(k\). In the introduction of the paper, the author writes down a local-to-global sequence \((E)\) whose exactness implies that the obstruction to the local-to-global principle is controlled by the Brauer group. The sequence \((E)\) is defined by extending a well known pairing of Manin involving the points \(X(k_v)\) of \(X\) at all places \(v\) of \(k\) and the Brauer group \(\mathrm{Br}(X)\). The author proves that the exactness of the sequence \((E)\) implies that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the Hasse-Principle for 0-cycles of degree 1. He proves that the exactness of \((E)\) implies that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to weak approximation for 0-cycles of degree d if \(X\) possesses a global 0-cycle of degree 1. He also proves that the exactness of \((E)\) implies that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to weak approximation for 0-cycles of degree 1. In the two main theorems (Theorem 1.1 and 1.2) of the paper the author proves that the sequence \((E)\) is exact when \(X\) has a dominant morphism \(f:X\to B\) where X and B are proper, smooth, geometrically and rationally connected schemes of finite type over \(k\). In Theorem 1.1, the fibration \(f\) should satisfy the following additional criteria: 1. \(f\) is valuatively split in codimension 1. 2. For all finite extensions \(K\) of \(k\), all smooth fibers \(f_K\) over \(K\)-rational points of \(B_K\) verify weak approximation for 0-cycles of degree 1. 3. For all finite extensions \(K\) of \(k\), the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to weak approximation for \(K\)-rational points on \(B_K\). If 1,2 and 3 holds it follows the sequence \((E)\) is exact. Theorem 1.2 is similar. As a corollary of theorem 1.1 and 1.2 the author proves the following result (Corollary 1.4): Let B be a smooth compactification of a homogeneous space of a connected linear algebraic group defined over a number field \(k\), with connected stabilizer. Let \(f:X\to B\) be a proper dominant morphism whose generic fiber is birational to \(\mathrm{Spec}(k(B)[t]/P(t)\), where \(P(t):=N_{L/k(B)}(x)\) and where \(P(t)\) is an irreducible polynomial in \(k(B)[t]\) whose degree is prime to the finite extension \(L\) of \(k(B)\). Then the sequence \((E)\) is exact. The author claims Corollary 1.4 is new and cannot be deduced from results in the literature.