A characterization of the stability of a system of the Banach space valued differential equations (Q2853306)

Let \((X,\|\cdot\|)\) be a complex Banach space, \((X^n,\|\cdot\|)\) the Banach space with respect to the norm NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\text{for } x= (x_1,\dots, x_n)\in X^n \text{ let } (\| x\|= \max\{\| x_1\|,\dots,\| x_n\|\},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE Let \(A= (a_{ij})\) be an \(n\times n\) complex matrix so that for NEWLINE\[NEWLINEx= (x_1,\dots, x_n)\in X^n \text{ let } Ax= (u_1,\dots, u_n)\in X^n)\text{ where } u_i= \sum^n_{j=1} a_{ij} x_j, (1\leq i\leq n)NEWLINE\]NEWLINE let \(C^m(\mathbb R,X^n)\) the set of \(m\)-times strongly differentiable functions \(F:\mathbb R\to X^n\) such that the \(m\)th derivative \(F^{(m)}: \mathbb R\to X^n\) is continuous. Define \(D_A: C^1(\mathbb R, X^n)\to C(\mathbb R,X^n)\) by NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\forall F\in C^1(\mathbb R, X^n))(\forall t\in \mathbb R)(D_A(F)(t)= F'(t)- AF(t).NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The operator \(D_A\) has the Hyers-Ulam stability if NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{multlined} (\exists k\geq 0)(\forall\varepsilon\geq 0)(\forall F\in C^1(\mathbb R, X^n)) \Biggl(\sup_{t\in R}\| D_A F(t)\|\leq \varepsilon\Biggr)\\(\exists G\in C^1(\mathbb R,X^n)(\forall t\in \mathbb R)(D_A(G)(t)=0\wedge\| F(t)- G(t)\|\leq k\varepsilon).\end{multlined}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The differential equation NEWLINE\[NEWLINEY'(t)= AY(t)NEWLINE\]NEWLINE is said to have the Hyers-Ulam stability if the operator \(D_A\) has the Hyers-Ulam stability.NEWLINENEWLINE The authors prove the following main results:NEWLINENEWLINE (1) \(Y'(t)= AY(t)\) has the Hyers-Ulam stability if and only if for each eigenvalue \(\lambda\) of \(A\) we have \(\text{Re\,}\lambda= 0\);NEWLINENEWLINE (2) If \((a_0,a_1,\dots, a_{n-1})\in \mathbb{C}^n\), \(n\in\mathbb{N}\), then the differential equation NEWLINE\[NEWLINEy^{(n)}(t)+ a_{n-1}y^{(n-1)}(t)+\cdots+ a_1 y'(t)+ a_0 y(t)= 0,\quad t\in\mathbb{R},NEWLINE\]NEWLINE has the Hyers-Ulam stability if and only if \(\text{Re\,}\lambda\neq 0\) for each \(\lambda\in\mathbb{C}\) with NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\lambda^n+ a_{n-1} \lambda^{n-1}+\cdots+ a_1\lambda+ a_0= 0.NEWLINE\]