Existence and concentration of ground state solutions for a critical nonlocal Schrödinger equation in \(\mathbb R^2\) (Q285640)

The purpose of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand authors study the existence of nontrivial solutions for the following singularly perturbed nonlocal Schrödinger equation with periodic potential \[ -\Delta u +W(x)u =\left( \frac{1}{| x|^\mu} \ast F(u)\right) f (u)\quad \text{in }\mathbb R^2, \tag{1.7} \] where authors assume for the potential the following conditions: {\parindent=1cm \begin{itemize}\item[{\((W_1)\)}] \(W(x) \geq W_0>0\) in \(\mathbb R^2\) for some \(W_0>0\); \item[{\((W_2)\)}] \(W(x)\) is a 1-periodic continuous function; \end{itemize}} and for the nonlinearity \(f\) the following conditions: {\parindent=1cm \begin{itemize}\item[{\((f_1)\)}] (i) \(f(s) =0\forall s\leq 0\), \(0 \leq f(s) \leq Ce^{4\pi s^2}\), \(s\geq 0\); (ii) \(\exists s_0>0\), \(M_0>0\), and \(q\in (0, 1]\) such that \(0 <s^q F(s) \leq M_0 f(s), \forall | s| \geq s_0\). \item[{\((f_2)\)}] There exists \(p>\frac{2-\mu }{2}\) and \(C_p>0\) such that \(f(s) \sim C_p s^p\), as \(s\to 0\). \item[{\((f_3)\)}] There exists \(K>1\) such that \(f(s)s>KF(s)\) for all \(s>0\), where \(F(t) = \int^t_0 f(s)\,ds\). \item[{\((f_4)\)}] \(\lim\limits_{s\to +\infty} \frac{sf(s)F(s)}{e^{8\pi s^2}}\geq \beta\), with \(\beta > \inf\limits_{\varrho >0} \frac{e^{\frac{4-\mu}{4}}V_0\varrho^2}{16\pi^2\varrho^{4-\mu }} \frac{(4-\mu )^2}{(2-\mu )(3-\mu )}\). \end{itemize}} The first main result of this paper is the following theorem. Theorem 1.3. Assume \(0<\mu <2\), suppose that the potential \(W\) satisfies \((W_1)-(W_2)\) and the nonlinearity \(f\) satisfies conditions \((f_1)-(f_4)\). Then equation (1.7) has a ground state solution in \(H^1(\mathbb R^2)\). On the other hand, authors establish the existence and concentration of semiclassical ground state solutions of the following equation \[ -\varepsilon^2 \Delta u +V(x)u =\varepsilon^{\mu -2} \left[ \frac{1}{| x|^\mu} \ast F(u)\right] f (u)\quad \text{in }\mathbb R^2. \] Here authors assume the following conditions on \(V\): {\parindent=1cm \begin{itemize}\item[{\((V_1)\)}] \(V(x) \geq V_0>0\) in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) for some \(V_0>0\); \item[{\((V_2)\)}] \(0 <\inf_{x\in \mathbb R^2} V(x) =V_0<V_\infty=\liminf_{| x|\to \infty} V(x) <\infty\). \end{itemize}} and one more condition on \(f\): \((f_5)\) \(s\to f(s)\) is strictly increasing on \((0, +\infty)\).