Kählerian \(K3\) surfaces and Niemeier lattices. I (Q2866963)

A \textit{Niemeier lattice} is a negative-definite even unimodular lattice \(N\) of rank \(24\). There are \(24\) Niemeier lattices up to isomorphism [\textit{H.-V. Niemeier}, J. Number Theory 5, 142--178 (1973; Zbl 0258.10009)]. The author makes a point that all \(24\) Niemeier lattices play an important role in studying \(K3\) surfaces.NEWLINENEWLINELet \(X\) be a \(K3\) surface with Picard lattice \(S_X\). By the author's prior results, there is a primitive embedding of \(S_X\) into one of the \(24\) Niemeier lattices [\textit{V. Nikulin}, Math. USSR, Izv. 14, 103--167 (1980; Zbl 0427.10014)]. The author uses markings of \(K3\) surfaces by Niemeier lattices to study the finite symplectic automorphism groups and non-singular rational curves on \(K3\) surfaces.NEWLINENEWLINEIn this review instead of the term ``Kählerian \(K3\) surface'' we use ``\(K3\) surface'' because it is known that every \(K3\) surface is Kähler [\textit{Y.-T. Siu}, Invent. Math. 73, 139--150 (1983; Zbl 0557.32004)].