\(\mathbb R\)-orbit reflexive operators (Q2869933)

The notion of reflexive operators is well known and has been studied by several authors. Let \(T\) be an operator and let \({\mathcal A}(T)\) be the strongly closed unital algebra generated by \(T\). The reflexive cover of \({\mathcal A(T)}\) is the set of all operators \(S\) such that \(Sx\in \overline{{\mathcal A}(T)x}\) for every vector \(x\) and is denoted \(\operatorname{Ref}{\mathcal A}(T)\). If \(\operatorname{Ref}{\mathcal A}(T)={\mathcal A}(T)\), then \(T\) is said to be reflexive. There are many generalizations of reflexivity. Among them are \({\mathbb R}\)-orbit and \({\mathbb C}\)-orbit reflexivity: replace in the above definition the algebra \({\mathcal A}(T)\) by the strong closure of \({\mathbb R}\)-\(\operatorname{orb}(T)=\{ \lambda T^n: \lambda \in {\mathbb R},\;n\geq 0\}\), respectively, of \({\mathbb C}\)-\(\operatorname{orb}(T)=\{ \lambda T^n: \lambda \in {\mathbb C},\;n\geq 0\}\). The characterization of \({\mathbb C}\)-orbit reflexive \(n\times n\) complex matrices is already known.NEWLINENEWLINEIn this paper, a complete characterization of \({\mathbb R}\)-orbit reflexive \(n\times n\) real matrices is given. The characterization uses some facts from number theory, i.e., linear dependence over \({\mathbb Q}\) of elements in \({\mathbb R}/{\mathbb Q}\). Some other interesting results related to reflexivity are presented as well.