Hyperbolicity in the volume-preserving scenario (Q2874000)

The paper extends to the volume-preserving setting earlier results of Mañé and Hayashi that every diffeomorphism \(f\) which has a \(C^1\)-neighborhood \(\mathcal{U}\) where all periodic points of any \(g\in\mathcal{U}\) are hyperbolic is Axiom A. To be precise, let \(m\) be the Lebesgue measure induced by the Riemannian metric of a \(C^\infty\) \(d\)-dimensional Riemannian manifold \(M\) without boundary. Let \(\operatorname{Diff}^1_m(M)\) be the set of \(C^1\) diffeomorphisms on \(M\) that preserves \(m\), and let \(\mathcal{F}_m^1(M)\) be the set of diffeomorphisms \(f\in\operatorname{Diff}^1_m(M)\) which have a \(C^1\) neighborhood \(\mathcal{U}\subset\operatorname{Diff}^1_m(M)\) such that for any \(g\in U\) all of the the periodic points of \(g\) are hyperbolic. The main theorem proved in the paper is that any diffeomorphism in \(\mathcal{F}_m^1(M)\) is Anosov. The proof involves the use of heterodimensional cycles and follows the same approach as Mañé's original argument, after periodic points are shown to have the same index. The main theorem naturally relates to the well-known Palis conjecture in the volume-preserving case. Following the arguments of Crovisier, a corollary of the main theorem is that if \(f\in\operatorname{Diff}^1_m(M)\) is not Anosov, then it can be approximated by a diffeomorphism exhibiting either a heterodimensional cycle if \(\operatorname{dim}(M)>2\), or a homoclinic tangency if \(\operatorname{dim}(M) = 2\).