Twisted Yangian symmetry of the open Hubbard model (Q2876346)

The Hubbard model is an approximative theory used to describe how the interactions between electrons in lattices can give rise to conducting and insulating systems. This theory has \((su(2)\times su(2)')/\mathbb{Z}^2\) symmetry. This \(\mathfrak{g}=(su(2)\times su(2)')/\mathbb{Z}^2\)-summetry can be extended to \(Y(\mathfrak{g})\)-symmetry (one says that the model has a hidden Yangian symmetry). The Hubbard model with periodic boundary conditions turns out to be integrable through the Beth ansatz. The corresponding \(R\)-matrix is written as a tensor product of two free fermion model \(R\)-matrices. But if one considerers model with some boundary conditions the symmetry \(\mathfrak{g}\) is usually broken to a subalgebra \(\mathfrak{h}\).NEWLINENEWLINEIn the paper the Hubbard model on a half-infinite open chain is considered with a single boundary. In this case the symmetry is broken to \(\mathfrak{h}=u(1)\times su(2)'\) but integrability is unaffected. The main result is the proof of the fact that the Yangian symmetry is broken to the twisted Yangian symmetry \(Y(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{h})\). The paper end with discussions of physical aspects of this symmetry.