\(A_{\infty }\)-algebras associated with curves and rational functions on \(\mathcal{M}_{g,g}\). I (Q2877495)

\(A_\infty\)-algebras over a field are special graded algebras which play an essential role in algebra, geometry, and mathematical physics since more then 20 years. In particular, if \(C\) is a smooth projective curve of genus \(g\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\), then any generator \(G\) in the derived category \(D^b(C)\) of coherent sheaves on \(C\) defines a special \(A_\infty\)-algebra of endomorphisms of \(G\). Actually, this is basically the Ext-algebra \(\operatorname{Ext}^\ast(G,G)\) equipped with certain higher operations \(m_i\), \(i\geq 1\), defined up to homotopy. In the case of an elliptic curve \(C\), this associated \(A_\infty\)-algebra was explicitly described by the second author in [Commun. Math. Phys. 301, No. 3, 709--722 (2011; Zbl 1241.14008)]. In the paper under review, these results are extended to \(A_\infty\)-algebras associated with curves of arbitrary genus. As a generator for the derived category \(D^b(C)\), the authors choose the sheaf \(G:=\mathcal{O}_C\oplus\mathcal{O}_{p_1}\oplus\ldots\oplus\mathcal{O}_{p_n}\) for distinct points \(p_1,\ldots,p_n\) in \(C\) such that \(n\leq g\), and study then the induced \(A_\infty\)-algebra structure on the Ext-algebra \(E_{g,n}:=\operatorname{Ext}^\ast(G,G)\) under the additional assumption \(h^0(p_1+\ldots+p_n)=1\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEUsing a minimal resolution of the algebra \(E_{g,g}\) invented by \textit{M. J. Bardzell} [J. Algebra 188, No. 1, 69--89 (1997; Zbl 0885.16011)], they calculate the Hochschild cohomology of \(E_{g,g}\) in order to completely determine the \(A_\infty\)-algebra structure of this object. Furthermore, they demonstrate that the algebra \(E_{n,g}\) is not determined by any finite number of the structural operations \(m_i\), \(i\geq 1\), quite in contrast to the special case \(n=g\), where \(E_{g,g}\) is determined by \(m_1,\ldots,m_6\) up to homotopy. In the latter case, the obtained results are used to study the rational map from the moduli space \(M_{g,g}\) of \(g\)-pointed curves of genus \(g\) to the affine space \(\mathbb{A}^ {g^2-2g}\), which is naturally associated with the homotopy class of the particular operation \(m_3\). More precisely, it is shown that this map is birational onto its image for \(g\geq 6\), while for \(g\leq 5\) it is dominant. A crucial tool in these investigations is A. Polishchuk's method of triple Massey products on curves as developed in his earlier work [\textit{A. Polishchuk}, Mosc. Math. J. 3, No. 1, 105--121 (2003; Zbl 1092.14036)].