Compact non-orientable surfaces of genus 5 with extremal metric discs (Q2882492)

Let \(S\) be a compact hyperbolic surface of genus \(g\). \textit{C. Bavard} showed in [Ann. Fac. Sc. Toulouse, No 5, 191--202 (1996; Zbl 0873.30026)] that the radius of a disc isometrically embedded in \(S\) is bounded by a constant \(R_g\) depending only on \(g\). The surface \(S\) is said to be an extremal surface if it contains an extremal disc, a disc of radius \(R_g\). For orientable surfaces it is known for every \(g\geq 2\) how many extremal discs are embedded on extremal surfaces.NEWLINENEWLINEFor non-orientable surfaces several results are known. For \(g>6\) an extremal surface contains a unique extremal disc [\textit{E. Girondo} and the author, Conform. Geom. Dyn., No 11, 29--43 (2007; Zbl 1185.30047)]. In that paper, it is also proved that there are 11 extremal surfaces of genus 3 and each of them contains at most two extremal discs. The case \(g=4\) was studied in [the author, Conf. Geom. Dyn. No 13, 124--135 (2009; Zbl 1196.30037)], there exist 144 non-orientable extremal surfaces not isomorphic to each other. They admit one or two extremal discs and 22 of these surfaces admit exactly two extremal discs.NEWLINENEWLINEIn the paper under review, the case \(g=5\) is studied. The surfaces are derived from the side-pairing patterns of a hyperbolic regular 24-gon. This polygon has three edges in each vertex of the underlying graph on the surface. Considering all the trivalent graphs with 12 edges and 8 vertices, the author obtains 3627 side-pairing patterns for the \(24\)-gon to be a non-orientable extremal surface of genus 5. These surfaces contain at most two extremal discs, and 17 of them contain exactly two extremal discs.NEWLINENEWLINEFor these seventeen surfaces, the author gives the full automorphism group and the locations of the centers of the two extremal discs.