Extension of a theorem of Somer to the companion Lucas sequences (Q2883396)

The companion Lucas sequence \(\{ V_n(a,b) \}\) is defined by \(V_0 = 2\), \(V_1 = a,\) NEWLINE\[NEWLINEV_{n+2}(a,b) \equiv V_{n+2} = aV_{n+1} + bV_n, \text{ for } n \geq 0,NEWLINE\]NEWLINE where \(a, b\) are nonzero integers. Let \(D = a^2 + 4b.\) Some interesting assertions are proved, e.g.,NEWLINENEWLINE {Theorem 4.} Let \(\{ V_n(a,b) \}\) be a companion Lucas sequence and let \(p\) be an odd prime such that \((2p \pm 1) \nmid ab\) and \(\gcd(a, b) = 1\).NEWLINENEWLINE[1] Suppose that \(\left ( \frac{-b}{2p-1} \right ) = \left ( \frac{D}{2p-1} \right ) = -1.\) Then \((2p - 1)\mid V_p\) iff \(2p - 1\) is prime.NEWLINENEWLINE[2] Suppose that \(\left ( \frac{-b}{2p+1} \right ) = -1\) and \(\left ( \frac{D}{2p+1} \right ) = 1.\) Then \((2p + 1)\mid V_p\) iff \(2p + 1\) is prime.NEWLINENEWLINETheorem 6. Let \(\{ V_n(a,b) \}\) be a companion Lucas sequence and \(\gcd(a, b) = 1\).NEWLINENEWLINE[1] Suppose that \((2^p - 1) \nmid ab\) and \(\left ( \frac{-b}{2^p-1}\right ) = \left ( \frac{D}{2^p-1} \right ) = -1.\) Then \((2^p - 1)\mid V_{2^{p-1}}\) iff \(2^p - 1\) is prime.NEWLINENEWLINE[2] Suppose that \((2^{2^n} + 1) \nmid ab\) and \(\left ( \frac{-b}{2^{2^n}+1} \right ) = -1\) and \(\left ( \frac{D}{2^{2^n}+1}\right ) = 1.\) Then \((2^{2^n} + 1)\mid V_{2^{2^n - 1}}\) iff \(2^{2^n} + 1\) is prime.