New spectral multiplicities for mixing transformations (Q2908144)

The author studies spectral properties of the dynamical operator \(L_T\) associated with invertible measure-preserving transformations \(T : X \rightarrow X\), where (\(X,\mu\)) is a probability space. The operator acts on the space \(L^2 (X, \mu)\) and is defined by NEWLINE\[NEWLINE L_T (\varphi) (x) = \varphi (T (x)). NEWLINE\]NEWLINE The main objective of this article is to obtain a realization of subsets of \(\mathbb{N}\), as subsets of the set of the essential values of the spectral multiplicity function for the unitary operator \(\mathcal M (L_T )\). For \(\lambda \in \mathbb C\), denote the corresponding eigenspace by \(H(\lambda)\). The multiplicity function is the assignation \(\lambda\longmapsto \dim H(\lambda)\). By \(\mathcal M (L_T )\), or simply \(\mathcal M (T )\), the author denotes the essential values of the multiplicity function, for an operator \(\mathcal M (L_T )\), associated to an ergodic transformation \(T\). A subset \(M\) of \(\mathbb{N}\) is realizable for \(T\) if \(M = \mathcal M (T )\). This is the so-called spectral multiplicity problem which is an important issue in dynamical systems. In this article, the author is analyzes when a set of natural numbers \(E \subset \mathbb N\) admits a mixing realization, i.e., when there exists a mixing transformation \(S\) such that \(E =\mathcal M (S)\). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE Firstly, it is proved that if \(E \subset \mathbb N\), with \(1\in E\), then there is a mixing (of all orders) transformation \(S\) with \(E =\mathcal M (S)\).NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINE For the proofs, the author introduces constructions, the \((C, F)\)-bases on cocycles, as well as deep technics based on properties of compact abelian groups, and weak limits of powers of the dynamical operator.