Improved arithmetic-geometric and Heinz means inequalities for Hilbert space operators (Q2915412)

For positive invertible operators \(A\), \(B\) on a Hilbert space \(\mathcal {H}\), the weighted arithmetic-geometric mean inequality holds: \(A\#_\alpha B\leq A\nabla _\alpha B\), \(\alpha \in [0,1]\). Here, \(A\nabla _\alpha B=(1-\alpha)A+\alpha B\) and \(A\#_\alpha B=A^{1/2}(A^{-1/2}BA^{-1/2})^{\alpha }A^{1/2}\). \(A\nabla _\alpha B\) is called the weighted arithmetic mean of \(A,B\) and \(A\#_\alpha B\) is called the weighted geometric mean of \(A, B\). Let \(B\) be a positive invertible operator on \(\mathcal{H}\), with \(C\) an invertible operator on \(\mathcal{H}\), \(A=C^*C\) and \((p_1,p_2) \in \mathbb{R}_+^2\). In this paper, the authors prove the inequalities:NEWLINE\[NEWLINE 2\max \{p_1,p_2\}[A\nabla _{1/2} B-C^*(C^{*-1}BC^{-1})^{1/2}C]NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\geq (p_1+p_2)[A\nabla _{\frac{p_1}{p_1+p_2}}B-C^*( C^{*-1}BC^{-1})^{\frac{p_1}{p_1+p_2}}C] NEWLINE\]NEWLINE NEWLINE\[NEWLINE \geq 2\min \{p_1,p_2\}[A\nabla _{1/2} B-C^*(C^{*-1}BC^{-1})^{1/2}C]. NEWLINE\]NEWLINE This generalizes a similar inequality proved by \textit{F. Kittaneh} and \textit{Y. Manasrah} [Linear Multilinear Algebra 59, No. 9, 1031--1037 (2011; Zbl 1225.15022)]. Several related inequalities are discussed. As an application, it is shown that the Heinz mean interpolates between the arithmetic mean and the geometric mean.