Trace operators on Wiener amalgam spaces (Q294899)

The trace operator \(\mathbb{T}: f(x)\mapsto f(\bar{x},0)\), where \(\bar{x}=(x_1,\dots,x_{n-1})\) when \(x=(x_1,\dots, x_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n\), is shown to be continuous on certain Wiener amalgam spaces. To define the Wiener amalgam space \(W^{p,q}_s(\mathbb{R}^n)\), one defines \(\{\varphi_k\}\) to be a smooth, compactly supported Fourier partition of unity in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), sets \(\square_k f=\mathcal{F}^{-1}(\varphi_k \widehat{f})\), where \(\widehat{f}\) is the Fourier transform of \(f\) and \(\mathcal{F}^{-1}\) is the inverse Fourier transform, and defines \(\|f\|_{W^{p,q}_s} \) to be the \(L^p\) norm of the function \(\|\{\langle k\rangle^s\square_k f\}\|_{\ell^q(\mathbb{Z}^n)}\) where, presumably, \(\langle x\rangle=(1+|x|^2)^{1/2}\). One defines anisotropic Wiener amalgam spaces \(W^{p,q,r}_s(\mathbb{R}^n)\) by taking \(\|f\|_{W^{p,q,r}_s} \) to be the \(L^p\)-norm of \[ \Bigl(\sum_{k_n\in\mathbb{Z}}\Bigl(\sum_{\bar{k}\in\mathbb{Z}^{n-1}}\langle \bar{k}\rangle^{sq}|\square_k f|^q\Bigr)^{r/q}\Bigr)^{1/r}\, . \] The main theorem (Theorem 2) states that, if \(n\geq 2\), \(0<p,q,<\infty\) and \(s\in\mathbb{R}\), then \(\mathbb{T}\) is a trace retraction (i.e., \(\mathbb{T}\) is continuous and \(\mathbb{T}\mathbb{T}^{-1}=I\) on its image) from \(W^{p,q,\, 1\wedge q}_s(\mathbb{R}^n)\to W^{p,q}_s(\mathbb{R}^{n-1})\). Here, \(p\wedge q=\min\{p,q\}\). This result is analogous to a corresponding result on modulation spaces which is due to \textit{H. G. Feichtinger} et al. [Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 30, No. 1, 110--127 (2011; Zbl 1225.42015)]: \(\mathbb{T} M_s^{p,q,p\wedge q\wedge 1}(\mathbb{R}^n)=M^{p,q}_s(\mathbb{R}^{n-1})\) and, e.g., results of \textit{M. Frazier} and \textit{B. Jawerth} [Indiana Univ. Math. J. 34, 777--799 (1985; Zbl 0551.46018)] for Besov spaces, \(\mathbb{T} B_s^{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n)=B^{p,q}_{s-1/p}(\mathbb{R}^{n-1})\) (\(s-1/p>(n-1)(1/p-1)\). That results are sharp follows when \(p=q\) from the fact that \(M^{p,p}=W^{p,p}\) and known sharpness results for modulation spaces. An interpolation method is used to establish sharpness for all \(p\) and \(q\).