New long time existence results for a class of Boussinesq-type systems (Q301021)

The author considers a gravity water wave with long wavelength and small amplitude. Let \(\eta =\eta (t,x)\) be the approximation of the surface hight and \(V=V(t,x)\) be that of the flow velocity with \((t,x)\in [0,\infty )\times \mathbb{R}^n\). Let \(\varepsilon >0\) be a small parameter corresponding to the scales of the wavelength and of the amplitude. Then one needs to consider the following \(abcd\) Boussinesq system: \[ (I-\varepsilon b\Delta )\partial_t \eta +\operatorname{div}\;V +a\varepsilon\operatorname{div}\;\Delta V+\varepsilon \operatorname{div}(\eta V)=0,\;\;(I-\varepsilon d\Delta )\partial_t V +\nabla \eta +c\varepsilon\nabla\;\Delta \eta +\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\nabla |V|^2 =0. \] The parameters \(a,b,c,d\) should satisfy \(a+b+c+d=1/3\), and the author assumes \(a\leq 0,\;b\leq 0,\;c\geq 0,\;d\geq 0\). This system is an approximation equation of the gravity water wave, and it is known that this is a good approximation within the time scale of order \(1/\varepsilon\). Therefore it is important to give an existence theorem for the corresponding Cauchy problem for a time span of order \(1/\varepsilon\). There are some preceding studies in this direction, and in particular the result of \textit{J.-C. Saut} and \textit{L. Xu} [J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 97, No. 6, 635--662 (2012; Zbl 1245.35090)] studied this problem in Sobolev spaces. The author gives a long time existence theorem improving the following points: First, he lowers the Sobolev index of the the initial data. In fact, J.-C. Saut and Li Xu considers Sobolev spaces \(H^s\) basically with \(s>\frac{n}{2}+2\) or \(s>\frac{n}{2}+4\), and the present paper basically with \(s>\frac{n}{2}+1\). Also, he does not use the noncavitation hypothesis used by J.-C. Saut and Li Xu. Moreover, he gives these results also for more general Besov spaces.