Homology cycles in manifolds with locally standard torus actions (Q303902)

The paper studies the homology of closed manifolds with locally standard action of a half-dimensional torus under the assumption that proper faces of their orbit spaces are acyclic and the free part of action is trivial. It is proved that homology classes of those manifolds are of three types: the classes of face submanifolds, spine classes, i.e. the classes represented by \(k\)-cycles of the orbit space lifted to the manifold and swept by actions of \(l\)-dimensional subtori with \(l<k\), and diaphragm classes, i.e. the classes represented by relative \(k\)-cycles of the orbit space modulo the boundary of the the orbit space lifted in appropriate way to the manifold and swept by actions of \(l\)-dimensional subtori with \(l<k\). The submodule spanned by face classes of such a manifold \(X\) is an ideal in the homology \(H_{\ast} (X)\) with respect to the intersection product and it is isomorphic as a ring to \((\mathbb{Z}[S_Q]/\Theta)/W\) where \(Q\) is the orbit space, \(\mathbb{Z}[S_Q]\) is the face ring of the Buchsbaum simplicial poset dual to \(Q\), \(\Theta\) is an ideal generated by a linear system of parameters, and \(W\) is a submodule lying in the socle of \(\mathbb{Z}[S_Q]\). The manifolds studied in the article provide a topological interpretation for the results of Novik and Swartz concerning socles of Buchsbaum face rings. The author considers some particular examples of manifolds with special treatment of toric origami manifolds. The results and necessary definitions with overview of the basic results are presented in a clear way.